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Animal Breeding & Genetics

What measures have been taken by PARC for genetic improvement of cattle and buffalo?
Ans. PARC has distributed exototic bulls to the farmers of under developed areas for breeding their cattle free of cost. PARC is also producing and distributing high quality semen with minor cost to farmers for genetic improvement.

What is the genetic performance of Sahiwal and crossbred cattle and buffalo?
Ans. Sahiwal cattle produces about 1500 to 2000 litres of milk in a lactation whereas crossbred cattle produce 2000-3000 litres of milk in a lactation.

How to conserve animal genetic resources?
Ans. Selection of high producing animals and breeding them with same breed will help conserve the breed Crossbreeding needs to be avoided.

Resource Person

Breeding of Large Ruminants 

What is Animal Breeding and Genetics?
Ans. It is a branch of science which deals with application of genetic principles for the improvement of animals.

What is Selection?
Ans. It is the act by which certain animals in a population are preferred over others for producing the offspring.

What is Selection differentials?
Ans. Selection Differentials is the superiority of selected individuals in a particular trait compared to the population mean.

What is Line breeding?
Ans. The deliberate mating of closely related individuals in order to attain characteristics of a common ancestor.

What is Cross breeding?
Ans. The mating of sires of one breed or breed combination to dams of another breed or breed combination.

What is inbreeding?
Ans. The mating of relative is called inbreeding.

What is Calf Production Interval?
It is the duration between two consecutive calving of an animal is called Calf Production Interval (C.I)

What is Heritability?
Ans. Proportion of variation among the individuals in a population due to genetic, and is denoted by h2.

What is Repeatability?
Ans. It is the upper limit of heritability.

What is Progeny Testing?
Ans. A test used to help predict individual's breeding value involving multiple matting of that individual and evaluation of its offspring.

What is Breeding Value:
Ans. It is the value of an animal as a contributor of genes to the next generation is called breeding value (BV).

What is a Coordinated program?
Ans. A program having similar work plan in all provinces with the difference of breed involvement is called coordinated program.

Who is Coordinator?
Ans. Some body responsible for organizing diverse parts of a program into a coherent.

What we do under coordinated program?
Ans. The current research program emphasis on progeny testing on Nili-Ravi buffalo in Punjab province. Genetic improvement of Jersey and Holstein Friesian in Balochistan with genetic improvement of dual purpose Tharparkar cattle in Sindh province.

Resource Person

Breeding of Small Ruminants 

What is the ideal space requirement for a sheep or goat in a shed?
Ans. The ideal space requirement of a sheep or goat in a shed is 12-16 sq. ft. of covered area. In addition, sheep or goat also require double than this space in the open area.

What is the vaccine schedule for sheep and goats?
Ans. The animals must be vaccinated against different infectious diseases. The schedule for vaccination is as follows

What is the remedy for internal worms?
Ans. The animals must be dewormed regularly (quarterly in a year) with anthelmintics like Albendazole, Levamisole, Ivermectin etc.

What is the treatment of external worms?
Ans. For external worms like ticks and lice etc., the animals need dipping or spraying with some proper insecticide like Neguvan, ecofleece etc.

Resource Person

[Last updated: May 15, 2007]

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