RESEARCH FINDINGS
| Project Title: | INCIDENCE AND EFFECTS OF FRUIT FLY ON MANGO QUALITY IN PUNJAB |
| Author(s): | A.D. Sheikh, Arshed Bashir and Ghulam Jilani |
| Source: | 1 |
| Results: |
| Fifty-six percent of the sample comprised on owners/managers of mango orchards and 40 percent contractors of the mango orchards while the remaining 4 percent were owner-cum-tenants who were basically small mango growing farmers. |
| Project Title: | FARM LEVEL PRODUCTION & MANAGEMENT OF POTATO SEED IN THE PUNJAB |
| Author(s): | A. D. Sheikh and Arshed Bashir |
| Source: | 1 |
| Results: |
| Potato is the largest produced and consumed vegetable in Pakistan. It is a high inputs demanding crop and majority of its growers belongs to medium and large size categories. The share of seed in total production cost of potatoes varies from 40 to 45 percent. The quality of potato seed has direct impacts on its yield. Persistent use of poor quality seed is causing substantial losses to farmers and the economy. The present study is designed to investigate into the farm level seed potato production practices and its maintenance and management practices of potato seed, the costs and issues involved. A comprehensive survey was designed and executed at farm level in three areas/sites. From each site 35 farmers were selected randomly, making a total sample of 135 farmers. |
| Project Title: | A REVIEW OF MICRO-CREDIT FOR POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN PAKISTAN |
| Author(s): | Arshad H. Hashmi, A.D. Sheikh and K. M. Aujla |
| Source: | 1 |
| Results: |
| The role of micro-credit is considered as essential for the uplift of poor and destitute and thus serves as an effective mean of reducing the incidence of poverty. A vast majority of the poor in Pakistan reside in rural areas, and the severity of their poverty is greater as in the urban areas. Most of the rural poor are in the households of small landlords, cultivators (tenants), and the landless. |
| Project Title: | SUGARCANE VARIETAL ADOPTION IN THE CENTRAL PUNJAB |
| Author(s): | Arshed Bashir and A.D. Sheikh |
| Source: | 1 |
| Results: |
| The present study was undertaken to generate information on adoption of recommended varieties in the central Punjab. |
| Project Title: | POST ASSESSMENT OF TRAINING COURSE ON FRUITS AND VEGETABLES PRESERVATION |
| Author(s): | Arshed Bashir and A.D. Sheikh |
| Source: | 1 |
| Results: |
| The present study was initiated on the request of Food Technology Section, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute (AARI), Faisalabad for the assessment of various training courses held at Ayub Agricultural Research Institute (AARI), Faisalabad relating to food technologies. |
| Project Title: | ROLE OF ELECTRONIC MEDIA IN THE ADOPTION OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CENTRAL PUNJAB |
| Author(s): | Mazher Abbas, A. D. Sheik, and Sher Muhamma |
| Source: | 1 |
| Results: |
| Project Title: | PRODUCTION AND MARKETING OF POTATOES IN PAKISTAN:PRODUCTION AND MARKETING OF POTATOES IN PAKISTAN:OPPORTUNITIES AND CONSTRAINTS |
| Author(s): | Khalid Mahmood Aujla and Allah Wadhayo Jagirani |
| Source: | 3 |
| Results: |
| Potato is considered an important vegetable at present and is generally called as "King of vegetables" in Pakistan. It is a highly productive crop and is reported to have far greater nutritive values as a food crop. Most of the countries have solved their food problems very effectively with increased potato production and consumption. Scientists and policy makers realized that cereals alone would not be able to sustain the rapidly growing population. The genetic potential for increasing productivity in cereals will soon be exhausted. The potato has been recognized as a crop of high potential that can meet future food requirements largely. A study is therefore, undertaken to overview the potato production, consumption and marketing system in Pakistan, to identify constraints and researchable issues in promoting its production/consumption and ultimately improving income of resource-poor farmers. Secondary/published information was gathered to overview potato production, consumption and marketing systems in Pakistan |
| Project Title: | AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF GRAPE PRODUCTION IN BALOCHISTAN |
| Author(s): | Syed Mohammad Khair |
| Source: | 3 |
| Results: |
| The province of Balochistan is classified into five agro-ecological zones extending from sea level to high plateaus. The diversity of climates in the province is a blessing for the production of quality deciduous fruits. Balochistan contributed to 98 percent of the total grape production in the country. This study was undertaken to describe production and marketing practices; to identify constraints in production and marketing of grapes resulting in low productivity; and to ascertain costs of production and returns from its production. Information was directly obtained from farmers through well-structured and pre-tested questionnaires. Overall, 33 grapes producers were selected randomly from districts Pishin (12), Killa Abdullah (16) and Mastung (5). |
| Project Title: | PRODUCTION AND MARKETING OF RAISINS IN BALOCHISTAN |
| Author(s): | Allah Wadhayo Jagirani |
| Source: | 3 |
| Results: |
| Raisins are the important byproducts of grapes, mainly produced in irrigated areas of Pishin and Killa Abdullah districts, which fall in the northern highland Balochistan. Pishin and Killa Abdullah districts are called as the heart of the grapes producing areas in Balochistan as those contributed about 68 and 67 percent in total grapes acreage and production. This study was initiated to analyze the comparative profitability of Raisins production and marketing and identify constraints in promoting its production and exports to enhance the farms incomes. Thirty-eight grape producers (19 from each district) were selected using purposively sampling techniques during February 2002 from the survey area to ascertain profitability of Raisins production and marketing in Balochistan. Only 13 grape producers (34%) were processing grapes for raisins making of which 10 growers made Monaka and 3 Kishmish while the remaining 25 growers (66%) marketed grapes in fresh form. Main varieties of grapes grown for Raisins making were Haita, Kishmish and Shundokhani. The dried form of these varieties is called as raisins. |
| Project Title: | PRODUCTION AND POTENTIAL OF TOBACCO IN BALOCHISTAN |
| Author(s): | Nisar Ali Shah, Syed M. Khair |
| Source: | 3 |
| Results: |
| Tobacco is an important cash crop of irrigated areas of the Pishin district. It contributed about 53 and 56 percent to tobacco area and production of the province during 1998-99. The formal survey was conducted during February 2002 to study tobacco production and marketing system in the province. A well-designed and pre-tested questionnaire was used to record the information on socio-economic characteristics of the tobacco producers, crop management and marketing practices. Overall, 35 farmers were randomly selected for interview from three tehsils of Pishin district. Forty-nine percent of the sample respondents were owners and about 14 percent were owner-cum-tenants. The remaining 37 percent of the respondents were tenants. The average age of the respondents was 44 years with formal schooling of 5.1 years. On average, the farmers had an experience of about 17 years of tobacco producing. |
| Project Title: | VEGETABLES PRODUCTION TRENDS IN HIGHLAND BALOCHISTAN |
| Author(s): | Syed Mohammad Khair, Allah Wadhayo Jagirani |
| Source: | 3 |
| Results: |
| Highlands are the main producers of vegetables in Balochistan. For the last two decades, vegetables production has been showing an upward trend. This study was initiated to describe factors affecting vegetables' acreage and production, assess production losses due to pests and diseases and identify constraints in promoting its production in highland Balochistan. A team of AERU Quetta formally interviewed sixty-nine vegetable growers selected randomly during August-September 2002. The literacy rate among the farmers was quite low, with an average of about 6.8 years of formal schooling. |
| Project Title: | ECONOMICS OF SELECTED OFF-SEASON VEGETABLES PRODUCTION (A CASE STUDY OF AKORA KHATTAK DISTRICT NOWSHERA) |
| Author(s): | Muhammad Ishaq, Ghulam Sadiq |
| Source: | 2 |
| Results: |
| The study was conducted in Akora Khattak district Nowshera in order to measure economic returns to farmers from off-season vegetables and estimate cost and revenue functions. |
| Project Title: | TRENDS IN PRODUCTION, AREA AND YIELD OF MAJOR CROPS IN NWFP |
| Author(s): | Ghulam Sadiq, Muhammad Ishaq |
| Source: | 2 |
| Results: |
| Four major crops (wheat, sugarcane, tobacco and maize) grown in NWFP have been selected to analyze trends in production, area and yield. To capture the trends, twenty years data (1980-81 to 1999-2000) were used, using secondary sources. Both the graphical and econometrics techniques were applied. |
| Project Title: | AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE MARKET INTEGRATION FOR WHEAT BETWEEN THE MAJOR MARKETS OF PAKISTAN |
| Author(s): | Muhammad Ishaq, Ghulam Sadiq |
| Source: | 2 |
| Results: |
| The development of agricultural sector requires that agricultural markets be competitive domestically and internationally. The degree of market integration reflects such competitiveness. |
| Project Title: | COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE OF STRAWBERRY PRODUCTION IN THE SUB-TROPICAL AREAS OF NWFP |
| Author(s): | Ghulam Sadiq, Muhammad Ishaq |
| Source: | 2 |
| Results: |
| The study was conducted in the sub-tropical area of NWFP in order to calculate the comparative advantage of strawberry in the existing production system. For the purpose main producing areas in District Mardan and Charsadda were selected. In total 50 strawberry growers were interviewed. |
| Project Title: | WTO’S "AGREEMENT ON AGRICULTURE":ITS THEORETICAL IMPLICATIONS ON PAKISTAN’S AGRICULTURE ITS THEORETICAL IMPLICATIONS ON PAKISTAN’S AGRICULTURE |
| Author(s): | Muhammad Ishaq, Shaukat Hayat Saddozai |
| Source: | 2 |
| Results: |
| The AoA addresses many issues of vital importance; provisions to encourage the use of less trade-distorting domestic support policies, actions to ease any adjustment burden and the introduction of prescribed provisions to allow some flexibility in the implementation of commitments. |
| Project Title: | IMPACT OF FOREIGN AID ON PAKISTAN ECONOMY: A REVIEW PAPER |
| Author(s): | Khuram Nawaz, and Muhammad Ishaq |
| Source: | 2 |
| Results: |
| Pakistan like many other developing countries has been deficient in the domestic resources and has relied heavily on foreign economic assistance to bridge the savings-investment gap since 1950s. Aid was given to the developing countries to improve their condition for growth, by strengthening institutions and building infrastructure and to enhance growth through resources for investment. This study was designed to provide a critical review on studies conducted to find out the impact of foreign aid on Pakistan economy. |
| Project Title: | Economic Evaluation of Pesticide Use Externalities in the Cotton Zones of Punjab, Pakistan |
| Author(s): | Muhammad Azeem Khan |
| Source: | 6 |
| Results: |
| The Government of Pakistan desires to promote IPM approach in order to reduce reliance on pesticides and improve the profit margin of farmers. However, introducing and implementing IPM as a solution depends on a conducive policy. Thus the Government with support of UNDP and FAO launched an intensive one-year study entitled, “Policy and Strategy for Rational use of Pesticides”. This study is a part of the whole project completed under these collaborative arrangements. The purpose of this study was to assess if the negative externalities are very high, pesticide use should be rationalized in order to avoid high cost to the national economy. The method used included collection of data regarding the extent of pesticides usage on various crops, conducting of sample surveys to estimate the impact of direct and indirect effects of pesticides on human health and environment (namely, pesticide residues in soil, groundwater, and food items, and effects on agricultural biodiversity). The following are the salient findings of this study accomplished in collaboration with different disciplines and international experts. |
| Project Title: | Impact Assessment of Zero Tillage Wheat Sowing Technologies in the Rice-Wheat Farming System of Punjab |
| Author(s): | M. Azeem Khan, M. Zubair Anwar |
| Source: | 6 |
| Results: |
| Late rice harvest, soil structure and plant residues create difficulties for preparation of a good seedbed for wheat crop. Rainfall at the time of land preparation further delays planting of wheat by 2-3 weeks. To address these problems zero tillage technology was tested at farmers’ fields over 10 years. The focus of these experiments was to verify the drill performance under varying soil and other crop conditions. Results from trials proved that zero till technology is successful in resolving the rice-wheat system planting conflicts. This study was planned especially to analyses the performance of 0-tillage technology in its expansion phase, which is realized after many years of concerted efforts, rendered by the research and extension. Efforts from On-farm Water Management (OFWM) department of the Punjab finally succeeded in boosting drill manufacturing at large scale and using by the farmers simultaneously. |
| Project Title: | Socio-Economic Assessment of Wheat Technologies Tested in the Rice-Wheat Project Areas |
| Author(s): | Muhammad Zubair Anwar, Dr. Muhammad Azeem Khan |
| Source: | 6 |
| Results: |
| In 1994, NARC launched a multidisciplinary project entitled “Productivity Enhancement and Sustainability of Rice based Cropping Systems”. The Rice and Wheat programs of Crops Sciences Institute (CSI), Land Resources Institute (LRRI), Farm Machinery Institute (FMI), Crop Disease Research Institute (CDRI), Pulses program of CSI and Social Sciences Institute (SSI) were collaborating to execute rice-wheat research agenda. |
| Project Title: | Resource Use Profitability at Irrigated and Rainfed Farms:A Case Study of the Jabbi Dam Command Area in the Pothwar Tract A Case Study of the Jabbi Dam Command Area in the Pothwar Tract |
| Author(s): | Najma Kausar, M. Azeem Khan |
| Source: | 6 |
| Results: |
| Barani areas can play a significant role in attaining self-sufficiency in food. The prosperity of the rainfed farmers mainly depends upon the nature and extent of rainfall. Water is no doubt a limiting factor for agriculture development in these areas. Crop yield could be increased manifolds by adopting proper water resource development and management practices. Otherwise, the unplanned low productive use of precious water resources would not be beneficial to the poor farming community. Keeping in view the importance of the most vital irrigation resource for rainfed areas, Small Dam Organization constructed 31 small dams in barani tract under four different development projects. The BVDP (Barani Village Development Project) has initiated research on water use efficiency on one such dam (Jabbi Dam) which was constructed near Hafizabad village, in District Attock. |
| Project Title: | Farm Household Profile of Integrated Research Sites of Barani Village Development Project |
| Author(s): | Hassnain Shah, Muhammad. Azeem Khan |
| Source: | 6 |
| Results: |
| A set of questionnaires was designed to collect data from all households of the target villages. Data were collected on total number of farm and non-farm households, family size, off farm male workers, livestock population, size of cultivated & uncultivated land holdings, cultivated steep lands, uncultivated land types and sources of irrigation etc. |
| Project Title: | Stability Analysis of National Uniformity Wheat Yield Trials Using Different Methods |
| Author(s): | Muhammad Asif Masood, Syed Zahid Mustafa |
| Source: | 7 |
| Results: |
| This study was initiated to provide a good comparison of different methods of selecting varieties, which could be considered adaptable under broad environmental conditions and can be grouped together. Usually we can categorize varieties into two broad groups, one which could be considered stable and can be cultivated over a wider range of environments and the other which are unstable and could be considered for specific environments. |
| Project Title: | CHINESE AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SYSTEM |
| Author(s): | Ch. M. Sharif, Waqar Malik, N .I. Hashmi |
| Source: | 8 |
| Results: |
| China is one of the largest agricultural countries with an exceptionally huge rural population and a large number of small farms in the world. The information on the Chinese agriculture, different ecozones, and institutional reforms of rural extension, linkages between agricultural research, education, extension, agricultural extension approaches, agriculture extension methods, and policy reform are briefly presented in this report. |
| Project Title: | STUDY ON CITRUS MARKETING SYSTEM, CHANNELS AND MARGINS IN THE PROVINCE OF PUNJAB |
| Author(s): | Ch. M. Sharif, Waqar H. Malik |
| Source: | 8 |
| Results: |