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NATIONAL SUGAR CROPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Thatta, Sindh, Pakistan.

Objectives 

· To develop sugarcane varieties with high sugar yield for different agro-ecological zones of the country,

· To develop sugarcane varieties for stress conditions such as pests, drought, salinity, frost and high temperature,

· To develop agronomic requirements for the new varieties developed at the Institute,

· To produce basic seed of new varieties in collaboration with progressive farmers,

· To develop linkage between National and International Institutes for the exchange of scientific information, visits of scientists and training of manpower.

Main Disciplines of Research / Sections within Institute

i. Sugarcane breeding,

ii. Sugarcane agronomy,

iii. Sugarcane pathology,

iv. Sugarcane entomology,

v. Sugarcane Bio-Technology,

Technology Developed/ Achievements 

i. Sugarcane variety Thatta-10 was developed from the local fuzz of L-113 sugarcane variety. Thatta-10 is high yielding and high sugar content variety resistance to drought conditions. The variety can withstand well under saline conditions.

ii. Six new sugarcane varieties have been developed from exotic fuzz of Homa USA origin viz. HoTh-127, HoTh-300, HoTh-311, HoTh-326, HoTh-348 and HoTh-2109. The said varieties has shown good performance in terms of cane and sugar yield. The said varieties are under process for registration with Federal Seed Certification Department.

Current Project/ Research Activities

(i) Varietal development activities:

National Sugar Crops Research Institute is working on the development of new sugarcane varieties through exotic and locally collected fuzz. Fuzz is sown in nursery; the seedlings obtained are transplanted to the main field being grown in single plant trial. Further selection of the seedlings is made in different selection cycles such as 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th cycles. The genotypes, which bear the characters of agronomic importance, are further tested in preliminary and advance varietal trials. The cane and sugar yield potential of such selected genotypes is also being tested under different agro-ecological zones. For 2005-06 crop, 379 indigenous and exotic sugarcane varieties are being maintained in germplasm, 1190 single plants, 70, 87, 46 and 24 clones are being maintained in 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th cycles respectively. In addition to this 14, 10 and 18 sugarcane genotypes are being tested in preliminary yield trial, advance varietal trial and coordinated varietal trial respectively.

Table-1. Year wise varietal development at NSCRI, Thatta through Fuzz.

Year	Single plants	First cycle	Second cycle	Third cycle	Fourth cycle
1990	172	--	--	--	--
1191	1836	163	--	--	--
1992	1028	584	83	--	--
1993	600	742	123	27	--
1994	640	210	115	39	10
1995	4000	560	86	40	11
1996	2500	2400	134	41	10
1997	791	--	275	26	9
1998	5007	549	60	72	7
1999	24400	1631	100	23	8
2000	16924	2741	113	37	6
2001	16000	1765	470	51	7
2002	6500	1112	527	132	8
2003	1877	272	113	62	12
2004	687	272	113	62	14
2005	1190	70	87	46	24

(ii) Hybrid fuzz production:

Fuzz is true seed of sugarcane obtained from the flower of sugarcane. Sugarcane is hard to flower under natural conditions until some specific climatic conditions are fulfilled such as temperature, humidity, day length and latitude. District Thatta is endowed with such climatic conditions where many sugarcane varieties flower but only few produce viable seed. This is because of the fluctuation in temperature. We are endeavoring our best to develop hybrid fuzz through locally crossed varieties in Pakistan. The crossing under field conditions is not possible because of the non-synchronization of flowering in different sugarcane varieties. In order to fulfill the optimum conditions for stimulating synchronized flowering in sugarcane, glass house has been constructed and brought under operation during 2004-05. The hybrid fuzz production has been made possible through crossing of the different sugarcane varieties in the glass house. During 2005-06 hybrid fuzz of 13 bi-parental crosses have been obtained through artificial crossing of sugarcane varieties in the glass house.

Table-2. Hybrid fuzz obtained at NSCRI, Thatta during 2005-06

Sr .No.	Name of the cross	Parentage	Date of crossing	Quantity of Fuzz
1	NSTh-01	Th-145 X CPF-213	14-12-2005	34g
2	NSTh-02	COJ 78 X CP-29-120	14-12-2005	30g
3	NSTh-03	CP81-2149 X HOTh-326	14-12-2005	29g
4	NSTh-04	CO 1026 X H-96-533/51	14-12-2005	24g
5	NSTh-05	BF-141 X I-361	18-12-2005	32g
6	NSTh-06	S 86-US-710 X CP 61-39	26-12-2005	24g
7	NSTh-07	S 84-I-1116 X S 78-US-721	26-12-2005	25g
8	NSTh-08	Co-436 X Lam 76-539	01-01-2006	20g
9	NSTh-09	S 86-US-402 X Triton	01-01-2006	12g
10	NSTh-10	BF-141 X CP 71-1442	03-01-2006	20g
11	NSTh-11	S 86-US-230 X Lam-539	04-01-2006	15g
12	NSTh-12	Lam 76-539 X BF-141	04-01-2006	20g
13	NSTh-13	S 86-US-195 X Thatta-8	15-01-2006	15g
Total				300g

List of the Scientists with email address

Sr. #	Name / Designation/ Address	E-mail Address
1	Mr.Dhani Bakhash Panhwar, P.S.O/Director	nscri_parc@yahoo.com
2	Mr. Salahuddin Junejo, S.S.O	sjunejo_62@yahoo.com
3	Mr. Ghulam Sarwar Unar, S.S.O	-------
4	Mr. Muhammad Younis Arain, S.O	younisarain@hotmail.com
5	Mr. Naeemullah Gujar, S.O	- - -
6	Mr. Abdul Fatah Soomro, S.O	fatah_72@yahoo.com
7	Mr. Muhammad Aslam Rajput, S.O	- - -
8	Mr. Ghulam Moheyuddin Kaloi, S.O	mahiokaloi@yahoo.com
9	Mr. Ali Hassan Mari, S.O	ali_hassanmari@yahoo.com
10	Mr. Muhammad Chohan, S.O	mchohan2002@yahoo.com
11	Mr. Riaz Noor Panhwar, S.O	rnoor_73@yahoo.com
12	Mr. Illahi Bux Bhatti, A.S.O	- - -

RESOURCE PERSON:

Mr. Dhani Bakhash Panhwar, PSO/Director

nscri-parc@yahoo.com

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 Last updated: January, 2008

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